EFFECT OF SOFT POWER PROJECTIONS ON DIASPORA COMMUNITIES’ RELATIONS IN RWANDA

A CASE OF KENYANS DIASPORA IN RWANDA

  • MARIE CLAIRE UMURANGAMIRWA Postgraduate Student, Master of Arts in International Relations and Diplomacy - Mount Kenya University - Kigali, Rwanda
  • NADIA IRADUKUNDA, PhD Senior Lecturer - Mount Kigali University - Kigali, Rwanda
  • FESTUS IRUNGU Senior Lecturer - Mount Kigali University - Kigali, Rwanda
Keywords: Soft Power, Diaspora Communities, Kenyans in Rwanda, Cultural Exchange, International Relations

Abstract

This study examined the impact of soft power projections on the relations of Kenyan diaspora communities in Rwanda, exploring how cultural diplomacy, global brands, and international development initiatives shape integration, cultural preservation, and social cohesion. By focusing on Kenya's soft power influence, particularly through cultural exports, international aid, and corporate engagement, the study evaluates the relational dynamics between the Kenyan diaspora and Rwandan society. The significance of this study lies in its potential to deepen our understanding of the relationship between the diaspora community and the High Commission, shedding light on the dynamics, challenges, and opportunities for collaboration and support. By exploring the perceptions, experiences, and initiatives of the High Commission regarding diaspora community relations, this study provided information on the strategies for enhancing engagement, promoting cultural exchange, and addressing the needs of the diaspora community in Rwanda. The study was guided by three theories such as: Social Identity Theory, Soft Power Theory and Transnationalism Theory. The research design that the study utilized is descriptive survey research. The target population for this study comprised 417 participants who were then registered by Association of Kenyans living in Rwanda. A sample of 205 was determined using Slovin’s Formula. Purposive and convenience sampling technique was employed in the investigation. Primary data was primarily collected using questionnaires, with participants rating their responses on a five-point Likert scale. To gather secondary data, the study consulted various sources. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire to contribute to this data collection. Pilot research involved twenty-one individuals. Using Cronbach's Alpha, the researcher conducted the reliability assessment. Using SPSS version 25, the researcher conducted a comprehensive analysis of the data using both qualitative and quantitative methods. The study used a correlation coefficient and a linear regression model. Data was presented in tables and figures. After the analysis of data conclusions and recommendations were drawn. The findings reveal that both soft power projections and diaspora community relations exhibit high internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.775 and 0.842, respectively, indicating reliability. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) further supports these constructs' reliability, with Omega values at 0.766 for soft power projections and 0.805 for diaspora relations, affirming strong consistency across items. Survey responses indicate positive perceptions of soft power initiatives among the Kenyan diaspora in Rwanda. For instance, a significant percentage of respondents (41.7% agreed and 47.2% strongly agreed) felt that Kenyan cultural events fostered a sense of belonging (M = 4.18, SD = .972). Furthermore, 46.1% strongly agreed that engagement in cultural diplomacy encourages collaboration with Rwandan institutions (M = 4.25, SD = .962). Responses also reflect favorable perceptions of Rwanda's soft power influence, with 49.4% agreeing and 45.0% strongly agreeing that Rwanda promotes positive perceptions among the diaspora (M = 4.36, SD = .729). Additionally, 60.0% strongly agreed that Rwanda’s influence enhances pride in Rwandan heritage (M = 4.49, SD = .758), and 48.3% felt that cultural exchanges strengthened bonds with the host country (M = 4.39, SD = .712). These findings highlight the role of soft power in fostering connection, pride, and active participation in the diaspora. The study concludes that soft power initiatives, including cultural diplomacy and international aid, significantly enhance social cohesion, cultural preservation, and engagement between the Kenyan diaspora and the Rwandan community, reinforcing positive diaspora-host relations. Policymakers in both Kenya and Rwanda should invest further in cultural and diplomatic programs that facilitate diaspora integration while preserving cultural identity, as these initiatives promote mutual respect and shared values. Future research could explore the impact of soft power on diaspora relations in other regional contexts, examining variations in soft power effects across different host nations and how digital diplomacy might influence diaspora integration.

Author Biographies

MARIE CLAIRE UMURANGAMIRWA, Postgraduate Student, Master of Arts in International Relations and Diplomacy - Mount Kenya University - Kigali, Rwanda

Postgraduate Student, Master of Arts in International Relations and Diplomacy - Mount Kenya University - Kigali, Rwanda

NADIA IRADUKUNDA, PhD, Senior Lecturer - Mount Kigali University - Kigali, Rwanda

Senior Lecturer - Mount Kigali University - Kigali, Rwanda

FESTUS IRUNGU, Senior Lecturer - Mount Kigali University - Kigali, Rwanda

Senior Lecturer - Mount Kigali University - Kigali, Rwanda

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Published
2024-11-01
Section
Articles