STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROJECTS IN KENYA
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Abstract
The purpose of this research was to examine the influence of stakeholder management on sustainability of solid waste management projects with project leadership as moderator in Kenya. Additionally, the research examined the moderating influence of project leadership on the relationship between stakeholder management and sustainability of solid waste management projects in Kenya. The theoretical framework was informed by the resource-based theory. The research employed the correlational cross-sectional survey design. The proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 23 county chief officers, 23 directors, 23 deputy directors and 139 sub-county officers from a target population of 47 county chief officers, 47 directors, 47 deputy directors and 290 sub-county officers in charge of solid waste management projects in Kenya. A cross-sectional survey-based approach was used. A self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data. The collected data was processed and entered into the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 26 to create a data sheet to be used for analysis. The descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. The correlation results showed that stakeholder management had a positive and significant relationship with sustainability of solid waste management projects. The regression results showed that stakeholder management had a positive and significant influence on sustainability of solid waste management projects. The results indicated that project leadership had a significant moderating influence on the relationship between stakeholder management and sustainability of solid waste management projects in Kenya. Managers and policy makers should to focus on strengthening stakeholder management to foster the sustainability of solid waste management projects. Future research could examine the moderating influence of project leadership on the relationship between stakeholder management and project sustainability in other sectors.
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Adebayo, Y. A., Ikevuje, A. H., Kwakye, J. M., & Esiri, A. E. (2024). Driving circular economy in project management: Effective risk management for sustainable outcomes. GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, 20(3), 235-245.
Adebayo, Y. A., Ikevuje, A. H., Kwakye, J. M., & Esiri, A. E. (2024). Balancing stakeholder interests in sustainable project management: A circular economy approach. GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, 20(3), 286-297.
Ahmed, S., & El-Sayegh, S. (2024). Relevant criteria for selecting project delivery methods in sustainable construction. International Journal of Construction Management, 24(5), 512-520.
Al-Dailami, A., Ahmad, I., Kamyab, H., Abdullah, N., Koji, I., Ashokkumar, V., & Zabara, B. (2022). Sustainable solid waste management in Yemen: environmental, social aspects, and challenges. Biomass Conversion and Bio refinery, 1-27.
Aytac, S., Bautista-Puig, N., Orduña-Malea, E., & Tran, C. Y. (2023). Contribution of carbon footprint research towards the triple bottom line of sustainability. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(38), 88331-88349.
Barney, J. (1991). Competitive advantage. Journal of management, 17(1), 99-120.
Benmira, S., & Agboola, M. (2021). Evolution of leadership theory. BMJ leader, leader-2020.
Bui, T. D., Tseng, J. W., Tseng, M. L., & Lim, M. K. (2022). Opportunities and challenges for solid waste reuse and recycling in emerging economies: A hybrid analysis. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 177, 105968.
Elkington, J. (1997). Cannibals with forks: The triple bottom line of 21st century business. Oxford University Press.
Elkington, J. (2004). Enter the triple bottom line. The triple bottom line: Does it all add up. In The triple bottom line (pp. 1-16). Routledge.
Elkington, J., & Rowlands, I. H. (1999). Cannibals with forks: The triple bottom line of 21st century business. Alternatives Journal, 25(4), 42.
Fathalizadeh, A., Hosseini, M. R., Silvius, A. G., Rahimian, A., Martek, I., & Edwards, D. J. (2021). Barriers impeding sustainable project management: A Social Network Analysis of the Iranian construction sector. Journal of Cleaner Production, 318, 128405.
Ferrarez, R. P., Valle, C. G. D., Alvarenga, J. C., Dias, F. D. C., Vasco, D. A., Guedes, A. L., ... & Soares, C. A. (2023). Key practices for incorporating sustainability in project management from the perspective of Brazilian Professionals. Sustainability, 15(11), 8477.
Gupta, R., Hirani, H., & Shankar, R. (2023). Sustainable solid waste management system using technology-enabled end-of-pipe strategies. Journal of Environmental Management, 347, 119122.
Hanson, E., Nwakile, C., Adebayo, Y. A., & Esiri, A. E. (2024). Strategic leadership for complex energy and oil & gas projects: A conceptual approach. International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research, 6(10), 3459-3479.
Hanson, E., Nwakile, C., Adebayo, Y. A., & Esiri, A. E. (2024). Strategic leadership for complex energy and oil & gas projects: A conceptual approach. International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research, 6(10), 3459-3479.
Hemidat, S., Achouri, O., El Fels, L., Elagroudy, S., Hafidi, M., Chaouki, B., & Guo, J. (2022). Solid waste management in the context of a circular economy in the MENA region. Sustainability, 14(1), 480-498.
Hud, N. H., Arham, A. F., & Hanapiyah, Z. M. (2024). Successful leadership styles from the lense of qualitative perspective: A conceptual visit. Information Management and Business Review, 16(1 (I)), 116-123.
Kanade, T. M., Joseph, J., Ansari, S., Varghese, M. A. M., & Savale, T. (2024). Solid waste management for environmental sustainability and human health. Journal of Informatics Education and Research, 4(1), 544-559.
Kaur, H., Haque, A. U., & Gkasis, P. (2024, September). The impact of varying styles of leadership on team dynamics and project success. In Forum Scientiae Oeconomia (Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 51-69).
Kaur, H., Haque, A. U., & Gkasis, P. (2024, September). The impact of varying styles of leadership on team dynamics and project success. In Forum Scientiae Oeconomia (Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 51-69).
Khan, A. H., López-Maldonado, E. A., Alam, S. S., Khan, N. A., López, J. R. L., Herrera, P. F. M., ... & Singh, L. (2022). Municipal solid waste generation and the current state of waste-to-energy potential: State of art review. Energy Conversion and Management, 267, 115905.
Liaqat, M. M. Z., Ali, A., Khattak, M. S., Arfeen, M. I., Chaudhary, M. A. I., Awais, M., & Azhar, A. (2024). Moderating role of sustainable leadership on the relationship between sustainable project management and success: An empirical test in public sector development program. SAGE Open, 14(2), 21582440241253571.
Miano, J. K. (2023). Project management practices and sustainability of agribusiness projects in selected counties in Kenya (Doctoral thesis, Kenyatta University).
Mor, S., & Ravindra, K. (2023). Municipal solid waste landfills in lower-and middle-income countries: Environmental impacts, challenges and sustainable management practices. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 174(1), 510-530.
Moreno-Monsalve, N., Delgado-Ortiz, M., Rueda-Varón, M., & Fajardo-Moreno, W. S. (2022). Sustainable development and value creation, an approach from the perspective of project management. Sustainability, 15(1), 472.
Mozammel, S., & Abdulla, I. S. (2024). Ensuring project success through HR manager’s leadership style: Role of ethical work climate and interpersonal trust. The Journal of Modern Project Management, 12(1), 1-13.
Mozammel, S., & Abdulla, I. S. (2024). Ensuring project success through HR manager’s leadership style: Role of ethical work climate and interpersonal trust. The Journal of Modern Project Management, 12(1), 1-13.
Muheirwe, F., Kombe, W., & Kihila, J. M. (2022). The paradox of solid waste management: A regulatory discourse from Sub-Saharan Africa. Habitat International, 119, 102491.
Munayi, Z. O. (2023). Solid waste management practices on sustainability of livelihood projects in peri-urban settlements: A case of Embakasi West Sub-County, Nairobi County, Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).
Mutua, O. N., & Muchelule, Y. (2024). Project leadership and performance of solar energy projects in Kiambu County, Kenya. International Journal of Social Sciences Management and Entrepreneurship (IJSSME), 8(1), 984-994.
Muzorewa, M. (2024). Project management strategies used in hospitality construction projects to improve performance (Doctoral dissertation, Walden University).
Nauman, S., Musawir, A. U., & Riaz, M. B. E. (2024). Leveraging organizational social capital in construction projects to enhance project success: The enabling role of transformational leadership. Project Management Journal, 55(4), 352-371.
Nyaga, J. G. (2022). Project management practices and sustainability of food security projects in counties within arid lands, Kenya (Doctoral thesis, Kenyatta University).
Odhiambo, E. (2022). Solid waste management, still a concern in african cities. Science Africa Journal, 5(4), 52-71.
Oh, J., Lee, H., & Zo, H. (2021). The effect of leadership and teamwork on ISD project success. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 61(1), 87-97.
Orieno, O. H., Ndubuisi, N. L., Eyo-Udo, N. L., Ilojianya, V. I., & Biu, P. W. (2024). Sustainability in project management: A comprehensive review. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 21(1), 656-677.
Penrose, E. (1959). The theory of the growth of the firm. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Peteraf, M. A. (1993). The cornerstones of competitive advantage: A Resource-Based View. Strategic Management Journal, 14(3), 179-191.
Pereira, T. H. M., & Martins, H. C. (2021). People, planet, and profit: a bibliometric analysis of triple bottom line theory. J. Mgmt. & Sustainability, 11, 64.
Petrelli, M. Z., Júnior, A. C. P., Ignacio, P. S. D. A., Rampasso, I. S., Anholon, R., & Bortoletto, W. W. (2023, July). Sustainable practices in construction project management: impacts on triple bottom line. In Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Engineering Sustainability (Vol. 40, No. XXXX, pp. 1-12). Emerald Publishing Limited.
Pheakdey, D. V., Quan, N. V., Khanh, T. D., & Xuan, T. D. (2022). Challenges and priorities of municipal solid waste management in Cambodia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(14), 8458.
Pisuttu, C., Adducci, F., Arena, S., Bigongiali, D., Callea, L., Carmignani, P., ... & Contaldo, M. (2024). A Master’s Course Can Emphasize Circular Economy in Municipal Solid Waste Management: Evidence from the University of Pisa. Sustainability 2024, 16, 1966.
Plattfaut, R. (2022). On the importance of project management capabilities for sustainable business process management. Sustainability, 14(13), 7612.
Pudcha, T., Phongphiphat, A., & Towprayoon, S. (2023). Greenhouse gas mitigation and energy production potentials from municipal solid waste management in Thailand through 2050. Earth Systems and Environment, 7(1), 83-97.
Ravichandran, C., & Venkatesan, G. (2021). Toward sustainable solid waste management–challenges and opportunities. Handbook of Advanced Approaches Towards Pollution Prevention and Control, 67-103.
Reddy, A. R., Khamparia, S., & Waghmare, R. (2022). Municipal solid waste management in developed countries and India-An overview of current practices, challenges, opportunities, and threats. Specialusis Ugdymas, 1(43), 5082-5102.
Rehan, A., Thorpe, D., & Heravi, A. (2024a). A framework for leadership practices and communication in the context of the construction sector. Project Leadership and Society, 5, 100142.
Rehan, A., Thorpe, D., & Heravi, A. (2024b). Project success factors for leadership practices and communication: Challenges in the construction sector. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 17(3), 562-590.
Samkange, F., Ramkissoon, H., & Amponsah, M. (2024). Tourism entrepreneurship and leadership. In Handbook of Tourism Entrepreneurship (pp. 69-86). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Santos, J. M., & Fernandes, G. (2024). Prioritizing stakeholders in collaborative research and innovation projects toward sustainability. Project Management Journal, 1(1), 1-18.
Shim, J., Moon, J., Lee, W. S., & Chung, N. (2021). The impact of CSR on corporate value of restaurant businesses using triple bottom line theory. Sustainability, 13(4), 2131.
Stanitsas, M., & Kirytopoulos, K. (2023). Investigating the significance of sustainability indicators for promoting sustainable construction project management. International Journal of Construction Management, 23(3), 434-448.
Teece, D. J. (2023a). Big tech and strategic management: How management scholars can inform competition policy. Academy of Management Perspectives, 37(1), 1-15.
Teece, D. J. (2023b). The evolution of the dynamic capabilities framework. Artificiality and sustainability in entrepreneurship, 113-127.
Uzougbo, N. S., Ikegwu, C. G., & Adewusi, A. O. (2024). Legal accountability and ethical considerations of AI in financial services. GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, 19(2), 130-142.
Wernerfelt, B. (1995). The resource‐based view of the firm: Ten years after. Strategic management journal, 16(3), 171-174.
Wu, Q., Yan, D., & Umair, M. (2023). Assessing the role of competitive intelligence and practices of dynamic capabilities in business accommodation of SMEs. Economic Analysis and Policy, 77, 1103-1114.
Wu, S. W., Yan, Y., Pan, J., & Wu, K. S. (2023). Linking sustainable project management with construction project success: moderating influence of stakeholder engagement. Buildings, 13(10), 2634.
Zulkiffli, S. N. A., Zaidi, N. F. Z., Padlee, S. F., & Sukri, N. K. A. (2022). Eco-innovation capabilities and sustainable business performance during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sustainability, 14(13), 7525.
Zuro, Z. (2024, April). Stakeholder theory and corporate sustainability: The silent stakeholder problem. In Economic and Social Development (Book of Proceedings), 110th International Scientific Conference on Economic and Social (Vol. 5, p. 29).
Adebayo, Y. A., Ikevuje, A. H., Kwakye, J. M., & Esiri, A. E. (2024). Driving circular economy in project management: Effective risk management for sustainable outcomes. GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, 20(3), 235-245.
Adebayo, Y. A., Ikevuje, A. H., Kwakye, J. M., & Esiri, A. E. (2024). Balancing stakeholder interests in sustainable project management: A circular economy approach. GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, 20(3), 286-297.
Ahmed, S., & El-Sayegh, S. (2024). Relevant criteria for selecting project delivery methods in sustainable construction. International Journal of Construction Management, 24(5), 512-520.
Al-Dailami, A., Ahmad, I., Kamyab, H., Abdullah, N., Koji, I., Ashokkumar, V., & Zabara, B. (2022). Sustainable solid waste management in Yemen: environmental, social aspects, and challenges. Biomass Conversion and Bio refinery, 1-27.
Aytac, S., Bautista-Puig, N., Orduña-Malea, E., & Tran, C. Y. (2023). Contribution of carbon footprint research towards the triple bottom line of sustainability. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(38), 88331-88349.
Barney, J. (1991). Competitive advantage. Journal of management, 17(1), 99-120.
Benmira, S., & Agboola, M. (2021). Evolution of leadership theory. BMJ leader, leader-2020.
Bui, T. D., Tseng, J. W., Tseng, M. L., & Lim, M. K. (2022). Opportunities and challenges for solid waste reuse and recycling in emerging economies: A hybrid analysis. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 177, 105968.
Elkington, J. (1997). Cannibals with forks: The triple bottom line of 21st century business. Oxford University Press.
Elkington, J. (2004). Enter the triple bottom line. The triple bottom line: Does it all add up. In The triple bottom line (pp. 1-16). Routledge.
Elkington, J., & Rowlands, I. H. (1999). Cannibals with forks: The triple bottom line of 21st century business. Alternatives Journal, 25(4), 42.
Fathalizadeh, A., Hosseini, M. R., Silvius, A. G., Rahimian, A., Martek, I., & Edwards, D. J. (2021). Barriers impeding sustainable project management: A Social Network Analysis of the Iranian construction sector. Journal of Cleaner Production, 318, 128405.
Ferrarez, R. P., Valle, C. G. D., Alvarenga, J. C., Dias, F. D. C., Vasco, D. A., Guedes, A. L., ... & Soares, C. A. (2023). Key practices for incorporating sustainability in project management from the perspective of Brazilian Professionals. Sustainability, 15(11), 8477.
Gupta, R., Hirani, H., & Shankar, R. (2023). Sustainable solid waste management system using technology-enabled end-of-pipe strategies. Journal of Environmental Management, 347, 119122.
Hanson, E., Nwakile, C., Adebayo, Y. A., & Esiri, A. E. (2024). Strategic leadership for complex energy and oil & gas projects: A conceptual approach. International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research, 6(10), 3459-3479.
Hanson, E., Nwakile, C., Adebayo, Y. A., & Esiri, A. E. (2024). Strategic leadership for complex energy and oil & gas projects: A conceptual approach. International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research, 6(10), 3459-3479.
Hemidat, S., Achouri, O., El Fels, L., Elagroudy, S., Hafidi, M., Chaouki, B., & Guo, J. (2022). Solid waste management in the context of a circular economy in the MENA region. Sustainability, 14(1), 480-498.
Hud, N. H., Arham, A. F., & Hanapiyah, Z. M. (2024). Successful leadership styles from the lense of qualitative perspective: A conceptual visit. Information Management and Business Review, 16(1 (I)), 116-123.
Kanade, T. M., Joseph, J., Ansari, S., Varghese, M. A. M., & Savale, T. (2024). Solid waste management for environmental sustainability and human health. Journal of Informatics Education and Research, 4(1), 544-559.
Kaur, H., Haque, A. U., & Gkasis, P. (2024, September). The impact of varying styles of leadership on team dynamics and project success. In Forum Scientiae Oeconomia (Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 51-69).
Kaur, H., Haque, A. U., & Gkasis, P. (2024, September). The impact of varying styles of leadership on team dynamics and project success. In Forum Scientiae Oeconomia (Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 51-69).
Khan, A. H., López-Maldonado, E. A., Alam, S. S., Khan, N. A., López, J. R. L., Herrera, P. F. M., ... & Singh, L. (2022). Municipal solid waste generation and the current state of waste-to-energy potential: State of art review. Energy Conversion and Management, 267, 115905.
Liaqat, M. M. Z., Ali, A., Khattak, M. S., Arfeen, M. I., Chaudhary, M. A. I., Awais, M., & Azhar, A. (2024). Moderating role of sustainable leadership on the relationship between sustainable project management and success: An empirical test in public sector development program. SAGE Open, 14(2), 21582440241253571.
Miano, J. K. (2023). Project management practices and sustainability of agribusiness projects in selected counties in Kenya (Doctoral thesis, Kenyatta University).
Mor, S., & Ravindra, K. (2023). Municipal solid waste landfills in lower-and middle-income countries: Environmental impacts, challenges and sustainable management practices. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 174(1), 510-530.
Moreno-Monsalve, N., Delgado-Ortiz, M., Rueda-Varón, M., & Fajardo-Moreno, W. S. (2022). Sustainable development and value creation, an approach from the perspective of project management. Sustainability, 15(1), 472.
Mozammel, S., & Abdulla, I. S. (2024). Ensuring project success through HR manager’s leadership style: Role of ethical work climate and interpersonal trust. The Journal of Modern Project Management, 12(1), 1-13.
Mozammel, S., & Abdulla, I. S. (2024). Ensuring project success through HR manager’s leadership style: Role of ethical work climate and interpersonal trust. The Journal of Modern Project Management, 12(1), 1-13.
Muheirwe, F., Kombe, W., & Kihila, J. M. (2022). The paradox of solid waste management: A regulatory discourse from Sub-Saharan Africa. Habitat International, 119, 102491.
Munayi, Z. O. (2023). Solid waste management practices on sustainability of livelihood projects in peri-urban settlements: A case of Embakasi West Sub-County, Nairobi County, Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi).
Mutua, O. N., & Muchelule, Y. (2024). Project leadership and performance of solar energy projects in Kiambu County, Kenya. International Journal of Social Sciences Management and Entrepreneurship (IJSSME), 8(1), 984-994.
Muzorewa, M. (2024). Project management strategies used in hospitality construction projects to improve performance (Doctoral dissertation, Walden University).
Nauman, S., Musawir, A. U., & Riaz, M. B. E. (2024). Leveraging organizational social capital in construction projects to enhance project success: The enabling role of transformational leadership. Project Management Journal, 55(4), 352-371.
Nyaga, J. G. (2022). Project management practices and sustainability of food security projects in counties within arid lands, Kenya (Doctoral thesis, Kenyatta University).
Odhiambo, E. (2022). Solid waste management, still a concern in african cities. Science Africa Journal, 5(4), 52-71.
Oh, J., Lee, H., & Zo, H. (2021). The effect of leadership and teamwork on ISD project success. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 61(1), 87-97.
Orieno, O. H., Ndubuisi, N. L., Eyo-Udo, N. L., Ilojianya, V. I., & Biu, P. W. (2024). Sustainability in project management: A comprehensive review. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 21(1), 656-677.
Penrose, E. (1959). The theory of the growth of the firm. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Peteraf, M. A. (1993). The cornerstones of competitive advantage: A Resource-Based View. Strategic Management Journal, 14(3), 179-191.
Pereira, T. H. M., & Martins, H. C. (2021). People, planet, and profit: a bibliometric analysis of triple bottom line theory. J. Mgmt. & Sustainability, 11, 64.
Petrelli, M. Z., Júnior, A. C. P., Ignacio, P. S. D. A., Rampasso, I. S., Anholon, R., & Bortoletto, W. W. (2023, July). Sustainable practices in construction project management: impacts on triple bottom line. In Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Engineering Sustainability (Vol. 40, No. XXXX, pp. 1-12). Emerald Publishing Limited.
Pheakdey, D. V., Quan, N. V., Khanh, T. D., & Xuan, T. D. (2022). Challenges and priorities of municipal solid waste management in Cambodia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(14), 8458.
Pisuttu, C., Adducci, F., Arena, S., Bigongiali, D., Callea, L., Carmignani, P., ... & Contaldo, M. (2024). A Master’s Course Can Emphasize Circular Economy in Municipal Solid Waste Management: Evidence from the University of Pisa. Sustainability 2024, 16, 1966.
Plattfaut, R. (2022). On the importance of project management capabilities for sustainable business process management. Sustainability, 14(13), 7612.
Pudcha, T., Phongphiphat, A., & Towprayoon, S. (2023). Greenhouse gas mitigation and energy production potentials from municipal solid waste management in Thailand through 2050. Earth Systems and Environment, 7(1), 83-97.
Ravichandran, C., & Venkatesan, G. (2021). Toward sustainable solid waste management–challenges and opportunities. Handbook of Advanced Approaches Towards Pollution Prevention and Control, 67-103.
Reddy, A. R., Khamparia, S., & Waghmare, R. (2022). Municipal solid waste management in developed countries and India-An overview of current practices, challenges, opportunities, and threats. Specialusis Ugdymas, 1(43), 5082-5102.
Rehan, A., Thorpe, D., & Heravi, A. (2024a). A framework for leadership practices and communication in the context of the construction sector. Project Leadership and Society, 5, 100142.
Rehan, A., Thorpe, D., & Heravi, A. (2024b). Project success factors for leadership practices and communication: Challenges in the construction sector. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 17(3), 562-590.
Samkange, F., Ramkissoon, H., & Amponsah, M. (2024). Tourism entrepreneurship and leadership. In Handbook of Tourism Entrepreneurship (pp. 69-86). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Santos, J. M., & Fernandes, G. (2024). Prioritizing stakeholders in collaborative research and innovation projects toward sustainability. Project Management Journal, 1(1), 1-18.
Shim, J., Moon, J., Lee, W. S., & Chung, N. (2021). The impact of CSR on corporate value of restaurant businesses using triple bottom line theory. Sustainability, 13(4), 2131.
Stanitsas, M., & Kirytopoulos, K. (2023). Investigating the significance of sustainability indicators for promoting sustainable construction project management. International Journal of Construction Management, 23(3), 434-448.
Teece, D. J. (2023a). Big tech and strategic management: How management scholars can inform competition policy. Academy of Management Perspectives, 37(1), 1-15.
Teece, D. J. (2023b). The evolution of the dynamic capabilities framework. Artificiality and sustainability in entrepreneurship, 113-127.
Uzougbo, N. S., Ikegwu, C. G., & Adewusi, A. O. (2024). Legal accountability and ethical considerations of AI in financial services. GSC Advanced Research and Reviews, 19(2), 130-142.
Wernerfelt, B. (1995). The resource‐based view of the firm: Ten years after. Strategic management journal, 16(3), 171-174.
Wu, Q., Yan, D., & Umair, M. (2023). Assessing the role of competitive intelligence and practices of dynamic capabilities in business accommodation of SMEs. Economic Analysis and Policy, 77, 1103-1114.
Wu, S. W., Yan, Y., Pan, J., & Wu, K. S. (2023). Linking sustainable project management with construction project success: moderating influence of stakeholder engagement. Buildings, 13(10), 2634.
Zulkiffli, S. N. A., Zaidi, N. F. Z., Padlee, S. F., & Sukri, N. K. A. (2022). Eco-innovation capabilities and sustainable business performance during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sustainability, 14(13), 7525.
Zuro, Z. (2024, April). Stakeholder theory and corporate sustainability: The silent stakeholder problem. In Economic and Social Development (Book of Proceedings), 110th International Scientific Conference on Economic and Social (Vol. 5, p. 29).