FACTORS AFFECTING PERFORMANCE OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN KENYA. A CASE OF MERU COUNTY
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Mar 18, 2021
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Abstract
This study sought to explore the factors affecting performance of community development projects in Kenya. The study used a research design where both qualitative and quantitative techniques were used. The study adopted a census survey research design. The target population for this study was 1800 projects from Meru County. A sample of 10% was selected from the targeted population. This study used a stratified random sampling and from each stratum samples that was picked randomly. The sample size of this study was 180 respondents. The study used Instruments to collect both primary and secondary data. The instruments were both structured and semi-structured. A pilot test was conducted to test the validity and reliability of the instruments. The collected data was analyzed with the help of a Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. The study used multiple regression and analysis of variance. The study used descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, frequency, mean standard deviation and percentages. Planning coefficient of 0.865 was found to be positive at significant level of 0.0012 and this indicated that Planning has a positive influence on Project Performance, (X2) Training coefficient of 0.868 was found to be positive at significant level of 0.0022 and this indicated that Training has a positive influence on Project Performance, (X3) Monitoring and Evaluation coefficient of 0.810 was found to be positive at significant level of 0.0019 and this indicated that Monitoring and Evaluation has a positive influence on Project Performance. (X4) Stakeholder involvement coefficient of 0.741 was found to be positive at significant level of 0.001 and this indicated that Stakeholder involvement has a positive influence on Community development projects in Kenya.
Key Words: Planning, Training, Monitoring and Evaluation, Stakeholder’s Involvement, Community Development Projects
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References
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Basu Ray I, Henry TL, Davis W, Alam J, Amedee RG, Pinsky WW. Consolidated academic and research exposition: a pilot study of an innovative education method to increase residents' research involvement. Ochsner J 2012;12:367–72.
Bacharova L, Hakacova N. Building network for enhancement of scientific/research literacy: the Scientific Summer School 2009 in Szczepanow, Poland. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2009;9:433–4.
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E. Jackson (2013). "Interrogating the theory of change: evaluating impact investing where it matters most". Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment 3:2: 95–110.
Eugen Rotarescu, (2010). Alternative selection under risk conditions in Human Resource Training and Development through the application of the estimated monetary value and decision tree analysis. Journal of Management and Economics 4 (60): 468-75.
Franco Gandolfi, (2009). Training and Development in an Era of Downsizing. Journal of management research 9(1): 3-14.
Gómez-Navarro Tomás, Baviera-Puig Amparo, García-Martínez, Gabriel, (2013), Assessing the Corporate Social Responsibility Reports Based on Communication Indicators: An ANP Aproach, XII International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Kuala Lumpur. Malasia.
Hakacova N, Baysan O, Bell SJ. Problem-oriented education and cross-cultural collaboration: experiences and comments on the Scientific Summer School inTurkey 2010. Anadolu
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Hoepner, A., (2007), A categorization of the responsible investment literature, St.Andrews Sustainability Institute Research Papers, june 2007
J. Austin, and J. Bartunek (2004). "Theories and Practice of Organization Development". Handbook of Psychology 12: 309–332
Kanna B, Deng C, Erickson SN, Valerio JA, Dimitrov V, Soni A. The research rotation: competency-based structured and novel approach to research training of internal medicine residents. BMC Med Educ 2006;6:52.
Knapke JM, Tsevat J, Succop PA, Djawe K, Kuhnell P, Haynes EN. Publication track records as a metric of clinical research training effectiveness. Clin Transl Sci2013;6:458–62.
Kilic D, Bacharova L. The 9th International Scientific Summer School 2012 inMakov, Slovakia. Anatol J Cardiol 2012;12:539–41.
Kothari,C.R (2011). Research Methodology. Methods and Techniques. New Delhi: New Age International Publishers. (2nd Edition).
Kudaiberdieva G, Lipton J, Mozos I, Stanczyk A, Bacharova L,Wagner GS. International Scientific Summer Schools 2013. J Electrocardiol 2013;46:441–3.
Larson EL, Landers TF, Begg MD. Building interdisciplinary research models: a didactic course to prepare interdisciplinary scholars and faculty. Clin Transl Sci 2011;4: 38–41.
Łukasiński, W. (2011). The process of the formation of the quality of organisation's functioning and development. International Journal for Quality Research, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 223-230.
Mayberry JF. The development of medical education in Eastern Europe during the 20th century and the emergence of ‘English parallel’ courses. Scott Med J 2013;58:46–52.
McHugh, O. & Hogan, M. (2011). Investigating the rationale for adopting an internationally-recognised project management methodology in Ireland: The view of the project manager. International Journal of Project Management, Vol. 29, Issue 5, pp. 637-645.
Misak A, Bacharova L. The early role of scientific journals in supporting young scientists to become independent researchers. J Electrocardiol 2008;41:248–9.
Mugenda, M.and Mugenda,A.(2008).Research Methods,’’Quantitative & Qualitative Approaches;; Nairobi: Acts Press.
Muhammad Zahid Iqbal, et.al., (2011). An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Characteristics and Formative Evaluation of Training. The International Journal of Business Research 4 (1): 273-86.
P. Patrizi and M. Quinn Patton (2010). "New Directions for Evaluation". Evaluating Strategy 128.
Pellegrinelli, S. & Garagna, L. (2009). Towards a conceptualisation of PMOs as agents and subjects of change and renewal. International Journal of Project Management, Vol. 27, No. 7, pp. 649–656.
Penrose LL, Yeomans ER, Praderio C, Prien SD. An incremental approach to improving scholarly activity. J Grad Med Educ 2012;4:496–9.
Pilar Pineda, (2010). Evaluation of training in organizations: a proposal for an integrated model. Journal of European Industrial Training 34(7): 673-93.
Perez-Gladish, B. (2012) Profiling Socially Responsible Investors: Australian Evidence, Australian Journal of Management, 37
Sambunjak D,MarusicM. Between forwarding and mentoring: a qualitative study of recommending medical doctors for international postdoctoral research positions. BMC Med Educ 2011;11:31.
S. Stachowiak (2010). Pathways for Change: 6 Theories about How Policy Change Happens. Seattle: Organisational Research Services.
S. Funnell and P. Rogers (2011). Purposeful Program Theory: Effective Use of Theories of Change and Logic Models. San Francisco, CA: Jossey Bass.
Taplin, H. Clark, E. Collins and D. Colby (2013). Technical papers: A series of Papers to support Development of Theories of Change Based on Practice in the Field New York: Acknowledge and The Rockefeller Foundation
Theory of Change: A Practical Tool For Action, Results and Learning Prepared for the Annie Casey Foundation. Seattle: Organizational Research Services. 2004.
Thomas Andersson, (2010). Struggles of managerial being and becoming: Experiences from managers’ personal development training. Journal of Management development 29(2): 167-76.
Vinci RJ, Bauchner H, Finkelstein J, Newby PK, Muret-Wagstaff S, Lovejoy Jr FH.Research during pediatric residency training: outcome of a senior resident block rotation. Pediatrics 2009;124:1126–34.Kardiyol Derg 2010;10:387–8.
Ajzen, Icek. (1985). From intention to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In J. Kuhl & J. Beckman (Eds.) Action-control: From Cognition to Behavior. Heidelberg, GE: Springer, 11–39.
Aubry, M., Hobbs, B. & Thuillier, D. (2008). Organisational project management: An historical approach to the study of PMOs. International Journal of Project Management, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 38-43.
Barnett, C. and Gregorowski, R. (2013) Learning about Theories of Change for the Monitoring and Evaluation of Research Uptake. IDS Practice Paper In Brief. ILT Brief 14,September 2013.
Basu Ray I, Henry TL, Davis W, Alam J, Amedee RG, Pinsky WW. Consolidated academic and research exposition: a pilot study of an innovative education method to increase residents' research involvement. Ochsner J 2012;12:367–72.
Bacharova L, Hakacova N. Building network for enhancement of scientific/research literacy: the Scientific Summer School 2009 in Szczepanow, Poland. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2009;9:433–4.
Bacharova L, Mozos I, Palkovicova L. Building the international network of mentors and young scientists: the International Scientific Summer School in Romania (2011). Anatol J Cardiol 2011;11:568–70.
Bacharova L, Kirchnerova J. Continuous international network building to promote scientific publication: Scientific Summer School, Pezinok, Slovakia, May 25–30,2008. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2008;8:319–21.
Besner, C. & Hobbs, B. (2008). Project management practice, generic or contextual: A reality check. Project Management Journal, Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 16-33.
Cary Cherniss, et.al., (2010). Process-designed training: A new approach for helping leaders develop emotional and social competence. Journal of Management development 29(5): 413-31.
C. Chris et. al (2011). "A Systematic Review of Theory-Driven Evaluation Practice from 1990 to 2009". American Journal of Evaluation 32 (2): 199–226.
C. James (2011). Theory of Change Review: A report commissioned by Comic Relief. London: Comic Relief.
C. Weiss (1995). Nothing as Practical as Good Theory: Exploring Theory-Based Evaluation for Comprehensive Community Initiatives for Children and Families (Connell, J, Kubisch, A, Schorr, L, and Weiss, C. (Eds.) ‘New Approaches to Evaluating Community Initiatives’ ed.). Washington, DC: Aspen Institute.
Clark and D. Taplin (2012). Theory of Change Basics: A Primer on Theory of Change (PDF). New York:
Cody B. Cox and Margaret E. Beier, (2009). The Moderating effect of individual differences on the relationship between the framing of training and interest in training. The International Journal Training and Development 13(4): 247-60.
David McGuire and Mammed Bagher, (2010). Diversity training in organisations: an introduction. Journal of European Industrial Training 34 (6): 493-505.
D. Stein and C. Valters (2012). Understanding Theory of Change in International Development. London: The Justice and Security Research Programme, London School of Economics.
David pollitt, (2009). Training team shines at AXA sun life. Journal of human resource management international digest 17(5): 23-24.
David pollitt, (2009). Thomson reuters maps new relationships in learning and collaboration. Journal of human resourcemanagement international digest 17(4): 24-6.
E. Collins and H. Clark (2013). Supporting Young People to Make Change Happen: A Review of Theories of Change. ActKnowledge and Oxfam Australia.
E. Jackson (2013). "Interrogating the theory of change: evaluating impact investing where it matters most". Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment 3:2: 95–110.
Eugen Rotarescu, (2010). Alternative selection under risk conditions in Human Resource Training and Development through the application of the estimated monetary value and decision tree analysis. Journal of Management and Economics 4 (60): 468-75.
Franco Gandolfi, (2009). Training and Development in an Era of Downsizing. Journal of management research 9(1): 3-14.
Gómez-Navarro Tomás, Baviera-Puig Amparo, García-Martínez, Gabriel, (2013), Assessing the Corporate Social Responsibility Reports Based on Communication Indicators: An ANP Aproach, XII International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Kuala Lumpur. Malasia.
Hakacova N, Baysan O, Bell SJ. Problem-oriented education and cross-cultural collaboration: experiences and comments on the Scientific Summer School inTurkey 2010. Anadolu
H. Clark (2004). Deciding the Scope of a Theory of Change. New York: ActKnowledge.
Hoepner, A., (2007), A categorization of the responsible investment literature, St.Andrews Sustainability Institute Research Papers, june 2007
J. Austin, and J. Bartunek (2004). "Theories and Practice of Organization Development". Handbook of Psychology 12: 309–332
Kanna B, Deng C, Erickson SN, Valerio JA, Dimitrov V, Soni A. The research rotation: competency-based structured and novel approach to research training of internal medicine residents. BMC Med Educ 2006;6:52.
Knapke JM, Tsevat J, Succop PA, Djawe K, Kuhnell P, Haynes EN. Publication track records as a metric of clinical research training effectiveness. Clin Transl Sci2013;6:458–62.
Kilic D, Bacharova L. The 9th International Scientific Summer School 2012 inMakov, Slovakia. Anatol J Cardiol 2012;12:539–41.
Kothari,C.R (2011). Research Methodology. Methods and Techniques. New Delhi: New Age International Publishers. (2nd Edition).
Kudaiberdieva G, Lipton J, Mozos I, Stanczyk A, Bacharova L,Wagner GS. International Scientific Summer Schools 2013. J Electrocardiol 2013;46:441–3.
Larson EL, Landers TF, Begg MD. Building interdisciplinary research models: a didactic course to prepare interdisciplinary scholars and faculty. Clin Transl Sci 2011;4: 38–41.
Łukasiński, W. (2011). The process of the formation of the quality of organisation's functioning and development. International Journal for Quality Research, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 223-230.
Mayberry JF. The development of medical education in Eastern Europe during the 20th century and the emergence of ‘English parallel’ courses. Scott Med J 2013;58:46–52.
McHugh, O. & Hogan, M. (2011). Investigating the rationale for adopting an internationally-recognised project management methodology in Ireland: The view of the project manager. International Journal of Project Management, Vol. 29, Issue 5, pp. 637-645.
Misak A, Bacharova L. The early role of scientific journals in supporting young scientists to become independent researchers. J Electrocardiol 2008;41:248–9.
Mugenda, M.and Mugenda,A.(2008).Research Methods,’’Quantitative & Qualitative Approaches;; Nairobi: Acts Press.
Muhammad Zahid Iqbal, et.al., (2011). An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Characteristics and Formative Evaluation of Training. The International Journal of Business Research 4 (1): 273-86.
P. Patrizi and M. Quinn Patton (2010). "New Directions for Evaluation". Evaluating Strategy 128.
Pellegrinelli, S. & Garagna, L. (2009). Towards a conceptualisation of PMOs as agents and subjects of change and renewal. International Journal of Project Management, Vol. 27, No. 7, pp. 649–656.
Penrose LL, Yeomans ER, Praderio C, Prien SD. An incremental approach to improving scholarly activity. J Grad Med Educ 2012;4:496–9.
Pilar Pineda, (2010). Evaluation of training in organizations: a proposal for an integrated model. Journal of European Industrial Training 34(7): 673-93.
Perez-Gladish, B. (2012) Profiling Socially Responsible Investors: Australian Evidence, Australian Journal of Management, 37
Sambunjak D,MarusicM. Between forwarding and mentoring: a qualitative study of recommending medical doctors for international postdoctoral research positions. BMC Med Educ 2011;11:31.
S. Stachowiak (2010). Pathways for Change: 6 Theories about How Policy Change Happens. Seattle: Organisational Research Services.
S. Funnell and P. Rogers (2011). Purposeful Program Theory: Effective Use of Theories of Change and Logic Models. San Francisco, CA: Jossey Bass.
Taplin, H. Clark, E. Collins and D. Colby (2013). Technical papers: A series of Papers to support Development of Theories of Change Based on Practice in the Field New York: Acknowledge and The Rockefeller Foundation
Theory of Change: A Practical Tool For Action, Results and Learning Prepared for the Annie Casey Foundation. Seattle: Organizational Research Services. 2004.
Thomas Andersson, (2010). Struggles of managerial being and becoming: Experiences from managers’ personal development training. Journal of Management development 29(2): 167-76.
Vinci RJ, Bauchner H, Finkelstein J, Newby PK, Muret-Wagstaff S, Lovejoy Jr FH.Research during pediatric residency training: outcome of a senior resident block rotation. Pediatrics 2009;124:1126–34.Kardiyol Derg 2010;10:387–8.